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Classification of resources on four different bases:

• On the basis of origin: Renewable and non-renewable resources.
• On the basis of exhaustibility: Renewable and non-renewable resources.
• On the basis of ownership: Individual, community, national, and international resources.
• On the basis of development and use: Potential resources, developed resources, stock, and reserve.

Four types of resources based on ownership:

• Individual resources: Owned and managed by individuals, e.g., personal land, house, or vehicle.
• Community resources: Shared and managed by a local community, e.g., community forests or grazing lands.
• National resources: Owned and managed by the government of a country, e.g., national parks, rivers, or mineral reserves.
• International resources: Shared and managed by multiple countries or governed by international agreements, e.g., transboundary rivers or fisheries in international waters.

Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence as it helps ensure the efficient utilization, conservation, and equitable distribution of resources to meet present and future needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Alluvial soils are classified into two types:

• Khadar: Alluvial soil deposited by floods, which is more fertile and suitable for agriculture.
• Bhangar: Older alluvial soil found on terraces above floodplains, which is less fertile and suitable for cultivation.

Three stages of resource planning include:

• Identification and assessment of resources: Surveying and mapping of available resources to determine their quantity, quality, and distribution.
• Formulation and implementation of plans: Developing strategies and policies for sustainable resource management and allocation, and implementing them through appropriate measures.
• Monitoring and evaluation: Continuously monitoring resource utilization, environmental impacts, and socio-economic outcomes to assess the effectiveness of resource management practices and make necessary adjustments.

Institutional efforts at the global level for resource conservation include:

• International agreements and treaties: Such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aimed at addressing climate change and biodiversity conservation.
• International organizations and initiatives: Such as the World Bank, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and Global Environment Facility (GEF) that provide funding, technical assistance, and capacity-building support for conservation projects.
• Research and education: Collaborative research efforts and educational programs aimed at raising awareness, sharing knowledge, and promoting best practices for resource conservation.